發(fā)布時間：2018-11-08 11:34

【摘要】：在油氣田的開發(fā)過程中,水力壓裂是一項重要的增產(chǎn)增注措施。水力壓裂所產(chǎn)生的裂縫形態(tài)是影響壓裂施工成功率和油氣井增產(chǎn)改造效果的重要因素。與常規(guī)的水力壓裂監(jiān)測技術(傾斜測量監(jiān)測技術、井溫測量監(jiān)測技術、放射性測量監(jiān)測技術、電位法監(jiān)測技術)相比,微地震監(jiān)測技術能夠檢測裂縫的長度、高度和方位角等裂縫形態(tài)參數(shù),而且具有經(jīng)濟、實施簡單的特點,因此微地震監(jiān)測技術成為近年來迅速發(fā)展起來的新技術。在先前的微地震定位相關研究之中,都沒有涉及到深井、多巖性地層中微地震傳播速度不同這一問題,導致微地震監(jiān)測技術在深井、多巖性層地層中的應用受到了限制。本文針對該問題開展了研究,在調(diào)研近年來微地震監(jiān)測技術發(fā)展狀況的基礎上,分析了微地震裂縫監(jiān)測基本原理,主要涉及到了有聲發(fā)射學、摩爾-庫倫理論、斷裂力學準則等;考慮微地震波在不同巖性地層中傳播速度不同這一特點,建立了微地震波在深井和多地層中傳播的震源定位數(shù)學模型,利用迭代的方法對數(shù)學模型進行求解,并應用計算機編程語言(VB.netMatlab)編寫了微地震解釋軟件,軟件具有對裂縫進行三維形態(tài)模擬、對結果進行二維和三維顯示的特點;應用研究成果研究了不同速度和不同的分層方案對微地震解釋結果的影響規(guī)律,結合現(xiàn)場實例井,對不同類型壓裂井(多層垂直井、水平井多段壓裂、注水井的水驅(qū)前緣等)微地震監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)進行反演計算分析,解釋結果與壓裂設計結果取得了很好一致性,證明了該模型的可靠性,同時也為現(xiàn)場的壓裂設計和施工措施的改進提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing is an important measure for increasing production and injection during the development of oil and gas fields. The fracture form produced by hydraulic fracturing is an important factor that affects the success rate of fracturing and the effect of oil and gas well stimulation. Compared with conventional hydraulic fracturing monitoring techniques, such as tilt measurement, well temperature monitoring, radioactivity measurement and potential monitoring, microseismic monitoring technology can detect fracture length. Because the fracture shape parameters such as height and azimuth are economical and simple to implement the micro-seismic monitoring technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. In the previous research on microseismic location, the problem of microseismic propagation velocity in multi-lithologic strata is different, so the application of micro-seismic monitoring technology in deep wells and multi-lithologic strata is limited. Based on the investigation of the development of micro-seismic monitoring technology in recent years, the basic principle of micro-seismic crack monitoring is analyzed, which involves acoustic emission theory, Moor-Coulomb theory. Fracture mechanics criterion; Considering the different propagation velocity of microseismic wave in different lithologic strata, a focal location mathematical model of microseismic wave propagation in deep well and multi-stratum is established, and the mathematical model is solved by iterative method. The micro-seismic interpretation software is compiled by using computer programming language (VB.netMatlab). The software has the characteristics of 3D shape simulation of fractures and 2D and 3D display of the results. The effects of different velocity and different layering schemes on the interpretation results of microseismic are studied by applying the research results. Combined with field example wells, different fracturing wells (multi-layer vertical wells, horizontal wells, multi-section fracturing wells) are used. The inversion calculation and analysis of the microseismic monitoring data of water flooding wells show that the interpretation results are in good agreement with the fracturing design results, and the reliability of the model is proved. At the same time, it also provides the reference for the field fracturing design and the improvement of operation measures.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE357.1

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