【摘要】：低滲氣藏不同于常規(guī)氣藏,因其低孔低滲的特點(diǎn),其滲流特征往往與常規(guī)氣藏差別較大。DH氣藏X3層平均滲透率2.05mD,屬低滲儲(chǔ)層；X4層平均滲透率0.1mD、X5層平均滲透率0.068mD,均屬致密低滲透儲(chǔ)層,儲(chǔ)層中的流體流動(dòng)存在獨(dú)特的滲流機(jī)理。因此本文主要采用室內(nèi)物理模擬方法,分別針對(duì)氣藏主力產(chǎn)層X(jué)3、X4和X5層開(kāi)展單相滲流、兩相滲流以及水鎖效應(yīng)機(jī)理研究,為該氣田開(kāi)發(fā)方案設(shè)計(jì)提供機(jī)理認(rèn)識(shí)及基礎(chǔ)參數(shù)。為此,研究的重點(diǎn)包括(1)重點(diǎn)針對(duì)目標(biāo)氣藏的低滲層位開(kāi)展20組巖心的單相氣體低速滲流測(cè)試,研究評(píng)價(jià)DH氣藏滑脫效應(yīng)影響。(2)利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室自研異常高壓巖心驅(qū)替裝置(200℃,200MPa),在真實(shí)地層條件下開(kāi)展7組巖心的應(yīng)力敏感測(cè)試(最高溫度174.2℃,最高壓力95.7MPa),研究評(píng)價(jià)開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中氣藏壓力下降導(dǎo)致的滲透率應(yīng)力敏感程度。(3)DH氣藏邊底水較強(qiáng),采氣過(guò)程中隨地層壓力的下降會(huì)出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)水驅(qū)現(xiàn)象,造成氣水兩相滲流。針對(duì)儲(chǔ)層這一滲流特征,首先建立高溫高壓水驅(qū)氣相滲測(cè)試方法,分別在常溫常壓和高溫高壓(151.8～174.2℃,37.12～54.1MPa)兩種條件下開(kāi)展8組巖心的水驅(qū)氣相滲曲線(xiàn)測(cè)試。(4)在實(shí)際氣井開(kāi)關(guān)井時(shí),近井區(qū)容易產(chǎn)生高含水飽和度帶造成水鎖現(xiàn)象,為評(píng)價(jià)水鎖效應(yīng)傷害程度,對(duì)此創(chuàng)新性建立測(cè)試水鎖效應(yīng)及水鎖氣解封啟動(dòng)壓力的測(cè)試方法(專(zhuān)利申請(qǐng)中),并開(kāi)展6組巖心的水鎖傷害測(cè)試研究。本文研究取得的主要成果如下：(1)DH氣藏產(chǎn)生滑脫效應(yīng)的臨界壓力較小,應(yīng)在0.125MPa以下,對(duì)一般氣藏來(lái)講廢棄壓力應(yīng)高于此值,因此實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中可不考慮氣體滑脫效應(yīng),只做機(jī)理研究。(2)DH氣藏X3層應(yīng)力敏感平均中等偏弱,其它兩層中等偏強(qiáng),而且儲(chǔ)層中應(yīng)力敏感程度一般砂礫巖比砂巖強(qiáng),低滲透砂巖比高滲透砂巖強(qiáng)。(3)DH氣藏儲(chǔ)層巖心高溫高壓水驅(qū)氣相滲與地面常規(guī)相滲測(cè)試結(jié)果相比,平均束縛水飽和度低3%,等滲點(diǎn)左移8%左右,水驅(qū)效率低6-8%,水驅(qū)殘余氣飽和度高5%左右,差異較大。(4)水鎖實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示DH氣藏水淹排水后氣相滲透率整體下降幅度在6-15%之間,水鎖氣解封啟動(dòng)壓力在0.3-3.7MPa之間,但實(shí)驗(yàn)巖心較短,因此啟動(dòng)壓力梯度很大,水鎖后解除水鎖的難度較大。
[Abstract]:Low permeability gas reservoir is different from conventional gas reservoir, because of its low porosity and low permeability, its percolation characteristic is often different from that of conventional gas reservoir. The average permeability of X3 layer in DH gas reservoir is 2.05 mD, which belongs to low permeability reservoir. The average permeability of layer X _ 4 is 0.1mDX _ (5). The average permeability of layer X _ 5 is 0.068mD, which belongs to dense and low permeability reservoirs, and the fluid flow in the reservoir has a unique percolation mechanism. Therefore, this paper mainly adopts the method of indoor physical simulation to study the mechanism of single-phase seepage, two-phase seepage and water lock effect for the main production zones X3X _ 4 and X _ 5 of the gas reservoir, which provides the mechanism understanding and basic parameters for the design of the development plan of the gas field. Therefore, the key points of the research include: (1) to carry out 20 groups of single-phase gas low-velocity percolation tests for the low permeability layer of the target gas reservoir. The effect of slippage effect on DH gas reservoir is studied and evaluated. (2) using laboratory self-developed abnormal high-pressure core displacement device (200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2314200