【摘要】：海洋平臺(tái)作為海上石油開采和相關(guān)工作人員生產(chǎn)生活的場(chǎng)所,對(duì)開采作業(yè)順利進(jìn)行,確保工作人員的人身安全起著關(guān)鍵作用。海洋平臺(tái)是大型的海洋工程結(jié)構(gòu),所處的環(huán)境極其復(fù)雜,對(duì)海洋平臺(tái)的研究多通過理論分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)室模型試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值計(jì)算來展開,在這些研究中,結(jié)構(gòu)的外部荷載都是可控的,實(shí)施起來較為容易,但是也會(huì)與現(xiàn)實(shí)的情況有所偏差,得到的結(jié)果并以一定能與現(xiàn)實(shí)情況很好地吻合。通過對(duì)海洋平臺(tái)原型測(cè)量,實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè),獲得第一手的原型監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)海洋平臺(tái)的相關(guān)研究和設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)價(jià)有著重要意義。為了適應(yīng)不同的海洋環(huán)境已經(jīng)有多種型號(hào)的海洋平臺(tái)被設(shè)計(jì)出來,本文針對(duì)其中的兩種類型平臺(tái)的不同結(jié)構(gòu),研究了適用于它們的不同的原型監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù),并設(shè)計(jì)出了不同的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)方案,開發(fā)了配套的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),獲得了有關(guān)海洋平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)、姿態(tài)和所處環(huán)境的長(zhǎng)期的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了這些原型測(cè)量技術(shù)的可實(shí)施性和有效性。本文以渤海某型FPSO平臺(tái)的長(zhǎng)期現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),分段提取了FPSO的運(yùn)動(dòng)姿態(tài)和環(huán)境荷載等時(shí)間序列的多個(gè)統(tǒng)計(jì)量,給出了不同監(jiān)測(cè)量在時(shí)域或頻域上的統(tǒng)計(jì)特征和分布。通過對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果的進(jìn)一步分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了FPSO運(yùn)動(dòng)的周期性規(guī)律和環(huán)境荷載的一些分布特征,以及FPSO軟剛臂系泊系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的周期性和對(duì)稱性,并初步揭示了相對(duì)風(fēng)向和FPSO艏向變化之間的關(guān)系。系泊系統(tǒng)作為海洋平臺(tái)的定位裝置對(duì)限制海洋平臺(tái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍,確保海洋平臺(tái)的安全生產(chǎn)有著重要意義,本文針對(duì)海洋平臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測(cè)中數(shù)據(jù)的非平穩(wěn)性,提出一種基于非平穩(wěn)響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造結(jié)構(gòu)自由響應(yīng)信號(hào)的方法。該方法以單邊滑動(dòng)平均為基礎(chǔ)將多自由度結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力方程中的荷載和響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)平穩(wěn)化,分析了各階滑動(dòng)平均的頻譜特征,研究了其階數(shù)g=1(即差分)和g1的濾波效果,并應(yīng)用隨機(jī)減量技術(shù)構(gòu)造出結(jié)構(gòu)的自由振動(dòng)方程。通過對(duì)二階線性系統(tǒng)仿真模型的識(shí)別,給出了各種情況下所識(shí)別的模態(tài)參數(shù)與理論值的比較,說明這種方法用于非平穩(wěn)響應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)的分析具有很好的效果。最后,將該方法應(yīng)用在海洋平臺(tái)FPSO單點(diǎn)系泊結(jié)構(gòu)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的模態(tài)識(shí)別中,分析了在不同時(shí)間段的單點(diǎn)系泊系統(tǒng)模態(tài)的分布情況,并對(duì)比分析了不同g識(shí)別出來的模態(tài)參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:The offshore platform, as a place for the production and living of offshore oil exploration and related staff, plays a key role in the smooth progress of the mining operation and in ensuring the personal safety of the staff. The offshore platform is a large offshore engineering structure, and its environment is extremely complex. The research on the offshore platform is carried out through theoretical analysis, laboratory model test and numerical calculation. In these studies, the external load of the structure is controllable. It is easy to carry out, but it will deviate from the actual situation, and the result is sure to be in good agreement with the reality. It is of great significance for the research and design evaluation of offshore platform to obtain the first-hand prototype monitoring data by measuring the prototype of the offshore platform and realizing the real-time on-site monitoring. In order to adapt to different marine environment, many kinds of offshore platforms have been designed. Different on-site monitoring schemes are designed, and a matching real-time monitoring system is developed. The long-term monitoring data about the structure, attitude and environment of the offshore platform are obtained. The feasibility and effectiveness of these prototype measurement techniques are verified. Based on the long-term field monitoring data of a certain FPSO platform in Bohai Sea, this paper extracts several statistics of time series such as motion attitude and environmental load of FPSO, and gives the statistical characteristics and distribution of different monitoring quantities in time domain or frequency domain. Through the further analysis of the statistical results, the periodicity of FPSO motion and some distribution characteristics of environmental load, as well as the periodicity and symmetry of FPSO soft rigid arm mooring system are found. The relationship between relative wind direction and FPSO heading change is also revealed. As the positioning device of offshore platform, mooring system plays an important role in limiting the moving range of offshore platform and ensuring the safe production of offshore platform. This paper aims at the non-stationarity of data in offshore platform structure monitoring. This paper presents a method of constructing structural free response signals based on nonstationary response data. In this method, the load and response data in the dynamic equations of multi-degree-of-freedom structures are stabilized on the basis of one-sided moving average. The spectral characteristics of each order moving average are analyzed, and the filtering effects of the order gn1 (difference) and G1 are studied. The free vibration equation of the structure is constructed by using the random decrement technique. Through the recognition of the simulation model of the second order linear system, the comparison between the modal parameters and the theoretical values is given. It is shown that this method is effective in the analysis of the non-stationary response data. Finally, the method is applied to the modal identification of FPSO single point mooring structure monitoring data of offshore platform. The modal distribution of single point mooring system in different time periods is analyzed, and the modal parameters identified by different g are compared.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE95;TP274

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本文編號(hào)：2307265