【摘要】：致密砂巖儲層具有低孔低滲的特點,單井基本無自然產(chǎn)能,必須通過壓裂改造等措施才能獲得工業(yè)氣流。然而常規(guī)壓裂往往效果不理想,需要采用新的壓裂技術(shù)才能滿足要求。近幾年發(fā)展起來的體積壓裂技術(shù)是致密砂巖儲層開發(fā)的重要技術(shù)之一。儲層改造體積是用來評價致密砂巖體積壓裂后產(chǎn)能的重要參數(shù),儲層改造體積的大小決定了壓裂后的增產(chǎn)效果。目前國內(nèi)外對于儲層改造體積的計算方法研究較少、不夠系統(tǒng),致密砂巖體積壓裂產(chǎn)能的計算也基本是參考常規(guī)壓裂的計算方法,沒有充分考慮儲層改造體積的影響。本文在充分調(diào)研文獻的基礎上,以離散裂縫網(wǎng)絡模型(DFN)為基礎,考慮致密砂巖儲層物性和壓裂施工參數(shù),建立了計算儲層改造體積的物理模型和數(shù)學模型,并以此為基礎開發(fā)了體積壓裂儲層改造體積計算程序。運用該程序研究分析了縱橫比、壓裂時間、綜合濾失系數(shù)、儲層厚度、水平主應力差、有效彈性模量對儲層改造體積的影響規(guī)律,并以改造體積為目標對壓裂施工參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化設計;在儲層改造體積物理模型的基礎上,建立了致密砂巖復雜縫網(wǎng)產(chǎn)能的物理模型,考慮裂縫的復雜性,推導了致密砂巖復雜縫網(wǎng)的產(chǎn)能公式,研究了裂縫條數(shù)、裂縫長度、裂縫導流能力、次生裂縫形態(tài)、儲層滲透率、儲層厚度等對產(chǎn)能的影響,應用正交試驗分析法和灰色關(guān)聯(lián)理論研究了多因素對致密砂巖體積壓裂水平井產(chǎn)能的影響以及影響程度的主次關(guān)系,并對裂縫參數(shù)進了優(yōu)化計算。研究成果對致密砂巖體積壓裂工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)選具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:The tight sandstone reservoir has the characteristics of low porosity and low permeability, and the single well has no natural productivity, so it is necessary to obtain industrial airflow through fracturing and other measures. However, the effect of conventional fracturing is often not satisfactory, and new fracturing techniques are needed to meet the requirements. The volume fracturing technology developed in recent years is one of the important technologies in the development of tight sandstone reservoir. Reservoir reconstruction volume is an important parameter to evaluate the productivity of tight sandstone after fracturing, and the size of reservoir reconstruction volume determines the effect of increasing production after fracturing. At present, there is little research on the calculation method of reservoir reconstruction volume at home and abroad, and the calculation of volume fracturing productivity of tight sandstone is basically referring to the conventional fracturing calculation method, and the effect of reservoir reconstruction volume is not fully considered. On the basis of full investigation and research, based on discrete fracture network model (DFN) and considering the physical properties of tight sandstone reservoir and fracturing operation parameters, the physical and mathematical models for calculating the volume of reservoir reconstruction are established in this paper. Based on this, the volume calculation program of volume fracturing reservoir is developed. The effects of aspect ratio, fracturing time, comprehensive filtration coefficient, reservoir thickness, horizontal principal stress difference and effective modulus of elasticity on the volume of reservoir reconstruction are studied and analyzed by using this program. And the optimized design of fracturing parameters is carried out with the reconstruction volume as the target. Based on the physical model of reservoir reconstruction volume, the physical model of complex fracture network productivity of tight sandstone is established. Considering the complexity of fracture, the productivity formula of complex fracture network of tight sandstone is derived, and the number of fractures and the length of fracture are studied. The effects of fracture conductivity, secondary fracture morphology, reservoir permeability and reservoir thickness on productivity, The influence of multiple factors on the productivity and the primary and secondary relationship of the influence degree of the horizontal well of compact sandstone volume fracturing are studied by using orthogonal test analysis and grey correlation theory, and the fracture parameters are optimized. The research results have certain reference value for optimizing the parameters of bulk fracturing of tight sandstone.
【學位授予單位】：中國石油大學(華東)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE377;TE328

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