【摘要】：水下管匯作為開發(fā)油氣田的一種重要方式,已被世界上大多數(shù)國家廣泛研究和應(yīng)用。水下管匯在安裝以及服役期間都處于非常復(fù)雜海洋環(huán)境中,隨時(shí)都可能會(huì)受到墜物沖擊荷載以及風(fēng)、浪、流等荷載的作用。一旦水下管匯失效,乃至引起泄露事故,不僅會(huì)影響油氣的生產(chǎn)活動(dòng),造成嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失,泄露的油氣等還會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染,給海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)帶來災(zāi)難。所以,對水下管匯的碰撞以及動(dòng)力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析研究,提前做好預(yù)防措施,對水下管匯的安全運(yùn)行具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。首先,參考DNV-RP-F107中海底管道受墜落物撞擊概率的計(jì)算模型,建立水下管匯的撞擊概率計(jì)算模型,給出一次拋錨事故中水下管匯受撞擊概率的數(shù)值計(jì)算方法,并對水下管匯的錨擊概率進(jìn)行了參數(shù)分析。其次,本文對由拋錨作業(yè)引起的水下管匯的碰撞損傷進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。通過大量的數(shù)值模擬得出:在同一沖擊能量下,錨與水下管匯的接觸面積越小,即水下管匯損傷面積越小,則管匯的損傷深度越大,且水下管匯的應(yīng)力達(dá)到屈服強(qiáng)度所需要的沖擊能量越小,越容易發(fā)生塑性變形;沖擊能量越大,水下管匯的損傷變形越大;沖擊能量較小時(shí),海床土體的剪切彈性模量對管匯的凹陷損傷深度和最大等效應(yīng)力的影響比較小,沖擊能量較大時(shí),管匯的凹陷損傷深度和最大等效應(yīng)力會(huì)隨著海床土體剪切彈性模量的增大而增大;海床土體的內(nèi)聚力和內(nèi)摩擦角的變化對管匯的凹陷損傷深度及等效應(yīng)力的影響相對比較小。最后,本文建立水下管匯的模型,對水下管匯在波浪、海流荷載作用下的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析。波流作用下水下管匯在X、Y方向的水平運(yùn)動(dòng)及轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)為不規(guī)則的周期性運(yùn)動(dòng)。波高增加,管匯的運(yùn)動(dòng)頻率增加,水下管匯在X、Y方向的線位移幅值和角位移幅值也隨之增加。波浪周期增加,水下管匯在X、Y方向的線位移幅值和角位移幅值有減小的趨勢。管匯入水深度增加,水下管匯在X、Y方向的線位移幅值和角位移幅值都明顯變小,而且管匯的運(yùn)動(dòng)頻率明顯減弱。
[Abstract]:As an important way to develop oil and gas fields, underwater pipe sink has been widely studied and applied in most countries in the world. The underwater pipe sink is in a very complex marine environment during installation and service, and may be subjected to the impact of falling objects, wind, wave, current and other loads at any time. Once the underwater pipe sink fails or even causes leakage accidents, it will not only affect the production activities of oil and gas, cause serious economic losses, but also cause environmental pollution and bring disaster to marine ecosystem. Therefore, the collision and dynamic response of underwater tube sink are analyzed and studied, and the preventive measures are done in advance, which has certain guiding significance for the safe operation of underwater pipe sink. First of all, referring to the calculation model of the impact probability of the submarine pipeline falling in DNV-RP-F107, the model of the impact probability of the underwater pipe sink is established, and the numerical calculation method of the impact probability of the underwater pipe sink in an accident of breaking down is given. The anchoring probability of underwater pipe is analyzed. Secondly, the collision damage of underwater pipe sink caused by anchor operation is calculated and analyzed. Through a large number of numerical simulations, it is concluded that under the same impact energy, the smaller the contact area between the anchor and the underwater tube sink, that is, the smaller the damage area of the underwater pipe sink, the greater the damage depth of the pipe sink. And the smaller the impact energy required for the stress of the underwater tube sink to reach yield strength, the easier the plastic deformation will occur; the greater the impact energy, the greater the damage and deformation of the underwater pipe sink; the smaller the impact energy, the smaller the impact energy. The shear elastic modulus of the seabed soil has little effect on the damage depth and maximum equivalent stress of the pipe sink, and when the impact energy is large, The indentation damage depth and maximum equivalent stress increase with the increase of shear elastic modulus of seabed soil, and the change of cohesion force and friction angle of seabed soil have little effect on the indentation damage depth and equivalent stress of pipe sink. Finally, the model of underwater pipe sink is established, and the dynamic response of underwater pipe sink under the action of wave and current is calculated and analyzed. Under the action of wave and current, the horizontal motion and rotation of the underwater tube in the XY direction are irregular and periodic. With the increase of wave height, the moving frequency of the tube sink increases, and the linear displacement amplitude and the angular displacement amplitude of the underwater tube sink in the XY direction also increase. With the increase of wave period, the linear displacement amplitude and angular displacement amplitude of the underwater tube converge in the XY direction have a decreasing trend. With the increase of the water inlet depth, the linear displacement amplitude and the angular displacement amplitude of the underwater pipe sink in the XY direction become smaller obviously, and the moving frequency of the pipe sink is obviously weakened.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE53

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