發(fā)布時間：2018-04-15 01:02

  本文選題：FG地區(qū) + 地震采集�。� 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著油氣勘探行業(yè)技術(shù)與規(guī)模的不斷發(fā)展,目前已經(jīng)不再有簡單地震地質(zhì)條件下的常規(guī)地質(zhì)模型的大型油氣田,復(fù)雜地震地質(zhì)條件的中小油氣田才是今后陸上勘探發(fā)展的趨勢和選擇。地震資料采集是后續(xù)處理和解釋環(huán)節(jié)的基礎(chǔ),只有得到高質(zhì)量的地震剖面才能對深層目的層進行精細的追蹤解釋工作,為油氣勘探提供依據(jù),因此,地震采集技術(shù)也急需向著適應(yīng)復(fù)雜構(gòu)造地區(qū)的方向發(fā)展。FG地區(qū)地表高低落差巨大,出露地層巖性復(fù)雜,表層切割嚴重,表層速度和厚度復(fù)雜多變,深部構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,正是屬于典型的復(fù)雜構(gòu)造帶。針對山地復(fù)雜構(gòu)造地區(qū)的地震資料中存在的噪聲發(fā)育,信噪比低,成像困難等問題,此次研究主要通過對其靈活觀測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計,激發(fā)接收參數(shù)優(yōu)選,以及精細表層結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)查方案等采集技術(shù)進行探索,借助前人的理論研究和近年來的采集實踐經(jīng)驗,在以下幾個方面展開研究:1、對以往地震資料采集的技術(shù)與方法展開調(diào)研工作,分析研究以常規(guī)采集技術(shù)采集的山地復(fù)雜構(gòu)造帶地震資料中所存在的問題。2、了解FG地區(qū)表層及深層的地震地質(zhì)條件,在目標地區(qū)地震地質(zhì)模型的基礎(chǔ)上對其觀測系統(tǒng)目標設(shè)計方法進行研究,主要方法為:建立FG地區(qū)的地震地質(zhì)模型,利用模型正演的方法分析目標區(qū)的觀測系統(tǒng),針對不同深度的目的層,采用“分區(qū)、分段”設(shè)計觀測系統(tǒng)的方式,并利用寬線接收的方法,改善目標地區(qū)成像質(zhì)量。3、針對FG地區(qū)地表高地起伏劇烈且大面積出露灰?guī)r的實際情況,研究怎樣優(yōu)選激發(fā)方式、激發(fā)參數(shù),以及激發(fā)環(huán)境和接收環(huán)境。通過對以上幾個方面的綜合研究形成了一套復(fù)雜地質(zhì)構(gòu)造帶的地震資料精細采集技術(shù)方案,取得了較好的勘探效果,為今后的山地復(fù)雜構(gòu)造帶的地震采集技術(shù)開辟了一條新的技術(shù)道路。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the technology and scale of oil and gas exploration industry, there are no longer large oil and gas fields with simple seismic geological model.The development trend and choice of onshore exploration are small and medium oil and gas fields with complex seismic geological conditions.Seismic data acquisition is the basis of subsequent processing and interpretation. Only by obtaining a high quality seismic profile can we trace and interpret the deep target layer in detail and provide the basis for oil and gas exploration.Seismic acquisition technology also needs to develop towards the direction of complex structural area. FG area has huge surface height drop, complex outcrop lithology, serious surface cutting, complex surface velocity and thickness, complex deep structure.It is a typical complex tectonic belt.In view of the problems of noise development, low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and difficult imaging in seismic data in mountainous complex structural areas, this study is mainly based on the design of flexible observation system to stimulate the optimal selection of receiving parameters.With the help of previous theoretical research and practical experience in recent years, the research work on the techniques and methods of seismic data acquisition has been carried out in the following several aspects: 1.This paper analyzes and studies the problems existing in seismic data of mountainous complex tectonic belt collected by conventional acquisition technique, and understands the seismic geological conditions of surface and deep layers in FG area.Based on the seismic geological model of the target area, the target design method of the observation system is studied. The main methods are as follows: the seismic geological model in FG area is established, and the observation system of the target area is analyzed by using the forward modeling method.For the target layer of different depth, the method of "partition, subsection" is adopted to design the observation system, and the method of wide line receiving is used.In order to improve the imaging quality of the target area, this paper studies how to select the excitation mode, excitation parameters, excitation environment and receiving environment according to the actual situation that the surface of the FG area is highly undulating and large area exposed limestone.Through the comprehensive study of the above several aspects, a set of fine seismic data acquisition technology for complex geological structural zones has been formed, and good exploration results have been obtained.It opens a new way for seismic acquisition technology of mountainous complex tectonic belt in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P631.4

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