發(fā)布時間：2018-04-14 04:13

  本文選題：中巴經(jīng)濟走廊 + 西構造結��； 參考：《中國地質大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中巴經(jīng)濟走廊(西構造結中國境內部分)主要沿G314國道展布,北起喀什,經(jīng)慕士塔格山口,在喀喇昆侖山腹地的塔什庫爾干谷地內,向南東方向到達中巴邊界口岸—紅其拉甫。它是現(xiàn)今冰川最發(fā)育、構造運動最活躍的地區(qū)之一,地質災害多發(fā),地震頻繁,線性工程經(jīng)常被阻斷,沿線人民生命財產(chǎn)遭受嚴重的地質環(huán)境災害損失。本文主要側重于合成孔徑雷達(SAR,Synthetic Aperture Radar)技術在重大工程地質問題識別上的應用研究,主要結論如下:(1)相對于光學遙感影像,SAR強度影像可以穿透云霧,有效地對高海拔冰川覆蓋區(qū)的地質體進行識別,如冰磧物流動災害,并確定重點工作區(qū)。(2)采用基于永久散射體的小基線干涉雷達技術(SBAS-In SAR)對研究區(qū)有關變形的工程地質問題進行了識別,檢測出變形顯著的冰川運移、冰川泥石流運動、滑坡蠕變、冰磧物變形、濕地變形,并確定其變形范圍。(3)工程地質問題判別標準總結:冰川運移的監(jiān)測易于選擇偏移追蹤測量法進行,也可利用冰舌前緣變形值較高的異常PS點,進而判斷上部冰川運動的情況;冰川泥石流主要是根據(jù)前部堆積區(qū)是否有高變形點來判斷其運動情況;蠕變滑坡主要通過結合地形地貌,地層巖性等條件,對于斜坡帶上發(fā)育的高變形PS點進行分析;冰磧物變形是由坡度、水源決定的,因此結合地貌與"PS點簇"范圍內的流域情況進行分析,判斷其影響范圍;濕地可在SAR強度影像上進行辨別,它的變形普遍顯示為正、負衛(wèi)星視線向的具有高變形值的雜亂PS點集。(4)利用SAR偏移追蹤法識別出了公格爾與墓士塔格山的現(xiàn)代冰川運動,公格爾山冰川運動速率大于墓士塔格山冰川運動速率,山頂變形量為冰舌前緣的2倍左右,且冬季的變形大于其他季節(jié)的變形。(5)In SAR技術在中巴經(jīng)濟走廊的初期地質調研中成功運用,證明了該技術在工程中地質問題識別上的可行性,可監(jiān)測的地形變范圍大、空間分布連續(xù)。該技術具有效率高,不受自然環(huán)境和天氣限制,可以對歷史地質過程進行追溯研究等優(yōu)勢,因此,該項技術的應用對于初期工程論證規(guī)劃具有重要的技術支撐作用。
[Abstract]:The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (part of the West structural knot in China) is mainly spread along the G314 State Road, from Kashi to the north, through the mouth of the Mustag Mountains, within the Tashkurgan valley in the hinterland of the Karakoram Mountains, and to the south and east to the border port of China and Pakistan-Hongqilafu.It is one of the areas where glaciers are most developed and tectonic movements are most active. Geological disasters occur frequently, earthquakes occur frequently, linear projects are often blocked, and people's lives and properties along the lines suffer serious geological and environmental disasters.This paper focuses on the application of synthetic Aperture Radar synthetic Aperture Radartechnique in the identification of major engineering geological problems. The main conclusions are as follows: compared with optical remote sensing images, SAR intensity images can penetrate clouds and mist.Effectively identify geological bodies in high altitude glacial cover areas, such as moraine logistics disasters,Using SBAS-In SAR-based small baseline interferometric radar technique based on permanent scatterers, the engineering geological problems related to deformation in the study area are identified, and the significant deformation of glacier migration, glacier debris flow movement and landslide creep are detected.Deformation of moraine, deformation of Wetland, and determination of its range of deformation. Conclusion: monitoring of glacier migration is easy to select migration tracing measurement method, and can also be used to use abnormal PS points with high deformation value in the front of ice tongue.Then the upper glacier movement is judged; the glacier debris flow is mainly judged according to whether there are high deformation points in the front accumulation area; the creep landslide is mainly determined by combining topography and geomorphology, stratigraphic lithology and other conditions.The deformation of moraine is determined by slope and water source. Therefore, the watershed situation in the range of geomorphology and "PS point cluster" is analyzed, and the influence range is judged.Wetland can be distinguished on SAR intensity image, its deformation is generally positive, negative satellite line of sight with high deformation value of PS points set. 4) using SAR migration tracing method to identify the modern glacier movement of Gongger and Tomb Stagger Mountains.The glacier movement rate of Gongge Mountain is larger than that of the Tomb Stagger Mountain glacier, and the deformation of the mountain top is about 2 times of that of the front edge of the ice tongue.The deformation in winter is larger than that in other seasons, and the technique of. 5in SAR has been successfully applied in the initial geological investigation of the economic corridor of China and Brazil, which proves the feasibility of the technique in the identification of geological problems in engineering and the wide range of terrain change that can be monitored.The spatial distribution is continuous.The technology has the advantages of high efficiency, not limited by natural environment and weather, and can be traced back to the geological process. Therefore, the application of this technology has important technical support for the initial engineering demonstration and planning.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.2

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