發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-05 17:14

【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的今天,人類社會(huì)對(duì)能源的需求大幅度增長(zhǎng),并隨之造成大量污染。因此,在提高能源利用效率的同時(shí)如何能夠做到減少有害氣體排放成為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的一個(gè)重要課題�，F(xiàn)代發(fā)電行業(yè)通過提高蒸汽溫度和壓力來實(shí)現(xiàn)高效、節(jié)能、環(huán)保發(fā)電,即已被廣泛使用的超(超)臨界燃煤技術(shù)。但這對(duì)運(yùn)行設(shè)備和相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)完整性評(píng)估方法提出了更高的要求。大型構(gòu)件在加工及焊接過程中,經(jīng)常存在裂紋、氣孔、夾渣、未焊透等各種缺陷,嚴(yán)重威脅管道的壽命。因此,高溫構(gòu)件中在服役過程中存在安全隱患。本文基于高溫結(jié)構(gòu)完整性評(píng)定技術(shù),編制超臨界機(jī)組P91鋼關(guān)鍵高溫部件缺陷壽命評(píng)估系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)超臨界機(jī)組主蒸汽管道、再熱熱段管道和集箱的高溫安全評(píng)估,以保證其安全運(yùn)行。通過大范圍查詢國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)、報(bào)告、會(huì)議和試驗(yàn)測(cè)試等手段,獲得P91鋼的高溫拉伸性能、蠕變性能、蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展數(shù)據(jù)等;通過計(jì)算整個(gè)管系的受力狀態(tài),采用三維有限元方法計(jì)算關(guān)鍵部位的應(yīng)力狀態(tài),包括主蒸汽管道、再熱熱段管道中典型的焊接接頭,三通,彎頭以及集箱中的后屏出口、末過進(jìn)/出口、末再出口等部位�；�于高溫?cái)嗔蚜�學(xué)理論,分別建立蠕變裂紋起裂和擴(kuò)展兩個(gè)階段的蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展行為預(yù)測(cè)方法,起裂階段通過裂紋孕育期的大小建立與壽命的聯(lián)系,擴(kuò)展階段通過預(yù)測(cè)擴(kuò)展速率建立與壽命的關(guān)系,建立高溫下蠕變裂紋擴(kuò)展速率預(yù)測(cè)計(jì)算模型。編制基于asp.net技術(shù)的評(píng)估網(wǎng)頁(yè),包括材料性能模塊、應(yīng)力模塊、評(píng)估模塊等,材料性能模塊內(nèi)部嵌入P91及焊接接頭的各種高溫性能數(shù)據(jù),應(yīng)力模塊嵌入有限元計(jì)算所得的評(píng)估對(duì)象應(yīng)力狀態(tài)數(shù)據(jù),評(píng)估模塊將蠕變裂紋起裂和擴(kuò)展評(píng)定程序化,最終形成超臨界機(jī)組P91鋼關(guān)鍵高溫部件缺陷壽命評(píng)估系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the demand for energy in human society has increased by a large margin, resulting in a great deal of pollution. Therefore, how to reduce harmful gas emissions while improving energy efficiency has become an important issue in economic development. Modern power generation industry achieves high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection by raising steam temperature and pressure, that is, supercritical coal burning technology, which has been widely used. However, it puts forward higher requirements for the running equipment and the corresponding structural integrity evaluation method. In the process of machining and welding of large components, there are many defects such as cracks, pores, slag inclusions, incomplete welding, etc, which seriously threaten the life of pipes. Therefore, there are hidden dangers in the service of high temperature components. Based on the technology of structural integrity assessment at high temperature, a defect life evaluation system for the key high temperature parts of P91 steel of supercritical unit is developed in this paper, which realizes the high temperature safety assessment of the main steam pipe, the hot section pipe and the header of the supercritical unit. To ensure its safe operation. The high temperature tensile properties and creep crack growth data of P91 steel were obtained by consulting domestic and foreign literatures, reports, meetings and tests. By calculating the stress state of the whole pipe system, three dimensional finite element method is used to calculate the stress state of the key parts, including the main steam pipeline, the typical welded joints in the hot section pipeline, the three-way connection, the elbow and the rear screen outlet in the header. The end of the import / export, the end of re-exit and other parts. Based on the theory of high temperature fracture mechanics, the prediction methods of creep crack propagation behavior in the two stages of creep crack initiation and propagation are established, respectively. The relationship between the initiation stage and the life of the creep crack is established by the size of the incubation period of the crack. The prediction model of creep crack growth rate at high temperature is established by predicting the relationship between the propagation rate and the life of the creep crack. An evaluation web page based on asp.net technology was developed, including material performance module, stress module, evaluation module, and various high temperature performance data embedded in material performance module P91 and welded joint. The stress module embed the stress state data of the evaluation object calculated by the finite element method, and the evaluation module programmed the creep crack initiation and propagation, and finally formed the defect life evaluation system of the key high temperature parts of P91 steel of supercritical unit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TG142.1;TM621

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本文編號(hào)：2312747