發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-02 09:26

【摘要】：隨著電力電子技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，越來越多的電力電子設(shè)備應(yīng)用到電力系統(tǒng)中，給電網(wǎng)引入了大量的諧波，對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行構(gòu)成威脅。為此，有源電力濾波器（APF:Active Power Filter）作為一種動(dòng)態(tài)抑制諧波和補(bǔ)償無功功率的新型電力電子裝置得到發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。有源電力濾波器的結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)補(bǔ)償要求的不同存在一定的差異。本論文主要研究三相四線制并聯(lián)型有源電力濾波器，文中所做的研究工作有以下幾點(diǎn)。 第一，對(duì)主電路進(jìn)行了數(shù)學(xué)建模，推導(dǎo)出系統(tǒng)在靜止a-b-c坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型，從數(shù)學(xué)模型中可看出系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)高階強(qiáng)耦合系統(tǒng)，控制器設(shè)計(jì)比較復(fù)雜，為了簡(jiǎn)化控制器的設(shè)計(jì)，引入d-q-0坐標(biāo)變換，得到系統(tǒng)在d-q-0旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)系下的數(shù)學(xué)模型。 第二，在三相四線制系統(tǒng)中，針對(duì)諧波電流檢測(cè)是否需要先剔除零序電流然后按三相三線制系統(tǒng)的計(jì)算方法計(jì)算的探討，本文對(duì)比分析了兩種計(jì)算方法，并從理論和仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了兩者的歸一性。針對(duì)常規(guī)鎖相法抗干擾能力差的特點(diǎn)，本文分析了三相數(shù)字鎖相環(huán)（DPLL, Digital Phase Lock Loop）的工作原理，并給出了基于零極點(diǎn)配置的PI控制器設(shè)計(jì)方法。 第三，針對(duì)單PI控制在APF應(yīng)用中補(bǔ)償精度不理想的問題，在電流內(nèi)環(huán)控制中引入基于內(nèi)模原理的重復(fù)控制器（Repetitive Controllers，RCs），給出了RCs的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)步驟。針對(duì)三維空間矢量（3D-SVPWM）計(jì)算量大，扇區(qū)判斷復(fù)雜，文中從理論上推導(dǎo)出3D-SVPWM可以不計(jì)算扇區(qū)，并得出在a-b-c坐標(biāo)系下簡(jiǎn)化的占空比計(jì)算公式。 第四，介紹了系統(tǒng)的硬件電路和軟件設(shè)計(jì)。硬件電路包括主電路參數(shù)的選取以及控制電路的設(shè)計(jì)。軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要介紹了主程序的工作流程圖以及各系統(tǒng)子程序的流程圖。 最后搭建了SIMULINK系統(tǒng)仿真模型以及100A的實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)，，對(duì)比分析了系統(tǒng)在平衡負(fù)載以及不平衡負(fù)載時(shí)的補(bǔ)償效果、電源電壓畸變和電源電壓沒有畸變時(shí)的補(bǔ)償效果以及負(fù)載突變時(shí)的補(bǔ)償效果。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，本文所采用的三相四線制系統(tǒng)的諧波電流檢測(cè)方法是正確的，所采用的三相電源電壓數(shù)字鎖相方法能取得理想的鎖相效果，簡(jiǎn)化的3D-SVPWM控制策略是有效的，PI+重復(fù)控制器能使系統(tǒng)在各種條件下均能取得理想的補(bǔ)償效果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of power electronics technology, more and more power electronic devices are applied to power system, which introduces a large number of harmonics to the power network, which poses a threat to the safe and stable operation of power system. Therefore, active power filter (APF:Active Power Filter) has been developed and applied as a new power electronic device for dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive power compensation. The structure of active power filter is different according to different compensation requirements. This paper mainly studies three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter. First, the mathematical model of the main circuit is established, and the mathematical model of the system in the static a-b-c coordinate system is deduced. From the mathematical model, it can be seen that the system is a high-order strong coupling system, and the controller design is quite complex. In order to simplify the design of the controller, the d-q-0 coordinate transformation is introduced, and the mathematical model of the system in the d-q-0 rotation coordinate system is obtained. Second, in the three-phase four-wire system, this paper compares and analyzes two calculation methods, aiming at whether the harmonic current detection needs to eliminate the zero-sequence current first and then calculate according to the three-phase three-wire system. The normalization of the two is verified by theoretical and simulation experiments. In view of the poor anti-jamming ability of the conventional phase-locked method, the working principle of three-phase digital phase-locked loop (DPLL, Digital Phase Lock Loop) is analyzed, and the design method of PI controller based on zero-pole configuration is presented. Thirdly, aiming at the problem that the compensation precision of single PI control is not ideal in APF application, a repetitive controller (Repetitive Controllers,RCs) based on internal model principle is introduced into the current inner loop control, and the detailed design steps of RCs are given. In view of the complexity of the calculation of three-dimensional space vector (3D-SVPWM) and the complexity of sector judgment, this paper deduces theoretically that 3D-SVPWM can not calculate sector, and obtains the simplified formula of duty cycle in a-b-c coordinate system. Fourthly, the hardware circuit and software design of the system are introduced. The hardware circuit includes the selection of main circuit parameters and the design of control circuit. The software design mainly introduces the working flow chart of the main program and the flow chart of each system subroutine. Finally, the simulation model of SIMULINK system and the experimental prototype of 100A are built, and the compensation effect of the system in balancing load and unbalanced load is compared and analyzed. The compensation effect of power voltage distortion and no distortion of power supply voltage and the compensation effect of load mutation. The experimental results show that the harmonic current detection method used in the three-phase four-wire system is correct, the digital phase-locked method of three-phase power supply voltage can obtain ideal phase-locking effect, and the simplified 3D-SVPWM control strategy is effective. PI repetitive controller can make the system achieve ideal compensation effect under various conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM761;TN713.8

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