永磁同步電機(jī)特性測試系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-30 20:51
【摘要】：在專業(yè)工程領(lǐng)域，，機(jī)械設(shè)備經(jīng)常采用永磁同步電機(jī)作為驅(qū)動(dòng)源以提供動(dòng)力，永磁同步電機(jī)的性能則將直接影響到這些裝置的驅(qū)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性。而由于專業(yè)設(shè)備使用環(huán)境的復(fù)雜性和特殊性，對于電機(jī)特性測試系統(tǒng)的高精度、高穩(wěn)定性的要求使得以往的測試系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)難以符合要求，迫切需要研制一種新的電機(jī)特性測試系統(tǒng)。 針對以上問題，為了對作為驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)備的永磁同步電機(jī)的參數(shù)和特性進(jìn)行高精度和自動(dòng)化測量，開發(fā)了一套新的永磁同步電機(jī)測試系統(tǒng)。本課題便主要研究了針對永磁同步電機(jī)的自動(dòng)化測試系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。 首先，詳細(xì)介紹了當(dāng)前電機(jī)特性測試的基本原理和測試方法。針對電機(jī)的不同參數(shù)給出了相應(yīng)的測試數(shù)學(xué)原理。然后由于扭矩-轉(zhuǎn)速特性對于永磁同步電機(jī)特性測試的至關(guān)重要性，文章單獨(dú)針對電機(jī)扭矩-轉(zhuǎn)速這一特性的測試進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的原理說明。這些為之后的系統(tǒng)硬件和軟件設(shè)計(jì)以及實(shí)驗(yàn)研究奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。 然后，從項(xiàng)目的實(shí)際需求出發(fā)，進(jìn)行了電機(jī)特性測試系統(tǒng)的總體框架設(shè)計(jì)。具體描述了各個(gè)模塊的功能和相應(yīng)的性能指標(biāo)要求，并根據(jù)相應(yīng)的指標(biāo)要求進(jìn)行了硬件設(shè)備的選型。之后又分別闡述了系統(tǒng)硬件平臺和軟件平臺的整體設(shè)計(jì)。在總體設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上，開展了詳細(xì)的硬件平臺設(shè)計(jì)，包括硬件各子模塊設(shè)計(jì)和電機(jī)控制設(shè)計(jì)。在實(shí)現(xiàn)了硬件設(shè)計(jì)之后，又分別從軟件的功能模塊設(shè)計(jì)、流程設(shè)計(jì)和界面設(shè)計(jì)等多個(gè)方面進(jìn)行上位機(jī)軟件部分的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。其中軟件的關(guān)鍵功能模塊包括：電機(jī)控制與監(jiān)測模塊、數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊、數(shù)據(jù)分析曲線擬合模塊和方案自動(dòng)化測試模塊等。 最后，在電機(jī)特性數(shù)據(jù)的擬合分析處理中，本文首先指出了傳統(tǒng)電機(jī)特性曲線擬合算法的最小二乘法一些不足之處，如在擬合過程中,多項(xiàng)式的階次需要試算，用的正交多項(xiàng)式指數(shù)太小會影響擬合度等。采用了移動(dòng)最小二乘法這種新的算法來擬合電機(jī)曲線，這是因?yàn)橐苿?dòng)最小二乘法可以很好地克服以上最小二乘法的缺陷，使擬合出來的試驗(yàn)曲線更接近電機(jī)特性的真正實(shí)際曲線。這符合電機(jī)特性測試系統(tǒng)的項(xiàng)目需求，系統(tǒng)擬合出來的曲線更加接近電機(jī)本身真正的特性，使測試系統(tǒng)具有更高的精度和魯棒性。
[Abstract]:In the field of professional engineering, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is often used as the driving source to provide power, and the performance of PMSM will directly affect the driving stability of these devices. Because of the complexity and particularity of the professional equipment using environment, the requirement of high precision and high stability for the motor characteristic test system makes it difficult for the former test system to meet the requirements. It is urgent to develop a new testing system for motor characteristics. In order to measure the parameters and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as a driver, a new PMSM testing system is developed. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the automatic test system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, the basic principle and testing method of motor characteristic test are introduced in detail. According to the different parameters of the motor, the corresponding test mathematical principle is given. Then because of the importance of torque-speed characteristic to PMSM performance testing, this paper gives a detailed explanation of the principle of the testing of the torque-rotational speed characteristic of PMSM. These lay a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent hardware and software design and experimental research. Then, according to the actual requirements of the project, the overall frame design of the motor characteristic testing system is carried out. The function of each module and the corresponding performance requirements are described in detail, and the selection of hardware equipment is carried out according to the corresponding requirements. After that, the whole design of the hardware platform and the software platform of the system are expounded respectively. On the basis of the overall design, the detailed hardware platform design, including the hardware sub-module design and motor control design. After the hardware design is realized, the software part is designed in detail from the following aspects: function module design, flow design, interface design and so on. The key function modules of the software include: motor control and monitoring module, data acquisition module, data analysis curve fitting module and scheme automation test module. Finally, in the analysis and processing of motor characteristic data, this paper first points out some shortcomings of the least square method of the traditional motor characteristic curve fitting algorithm, for example, in the process of fitting, the order of the polynomial needs to be tried. The orthogonal polynomial exponent used is too small to affect the fitting degree and so on. The moving least square method is used to fit the motor curve because the moving least square method can overcome the defects of the above least square method. The fitting test curve is closer to the real curve of motor characteristics. This is in line with the project requirements of the motor characteristic test system, and the curve fitted out by the system is closer to the real characteristics of the motor itself, which makes the test system have higher accuracy and robustness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341
本文編號：2301150
[Abstract]:In the field of professional engineering, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is often used as the driving source to provide power, and the performance of PMSM will directly affect the driving stability of these devices. Because of the complexity and particularity of the professional equipment using environment, the requirement of high precision and high stability for the motor characteristic test system makes it difficult for the former test system to meet the requirements. It is urgent to develop a new testing system for motor characteristics. In order to measure the parameters and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as a driver, a new PMSM testing system is developed. This paper mainly studies the design and implementation of the automatic test system for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, the basic principle and testing method of motor characteristic test are introduced in detail. According to the different parameters of the motor, the corresponding test mathematical principle is given. Then because of the importance of torque-speed characteristic to PMSM performance testing, this paper gives a detailed explanation of the principle of the testing of the torque-rotational speed characteristic of PMSM. These lay a solid theoretical foundation for the subsequent hardware and software design and experimental research. Then, according to the actual requirements of the project, the overall frame design of the motor characteristic testing system is carried out. The function of each module and the corresponding performance requirements are described in detail, and the selection of hardware equipment is carried out according to the corresponding requirements. After that, the whole design of the hardware platform and the software platform of the system are expounded respectively. On the basis of the overall design, the detailed hardware platform design, including the hardware sub-module design and motor control design. After the hardware design is realized, the software part is designed in detail from the following aspects: function module design, flow design, interface design and so on. The key function modules of the software include: motor control and monitoring module, data acquisition module, data analysis curve fitting module and scheme automation test module. Finally, in the analysis and processing of motor characteristic data, this paper first points out some shortcomings of the least square method of the traditional motor characteristic curve fitting algorithm, for example, in the process of fitting, the order of the polynomial needs to be tried. The orthogonal polynomial exponent used is too small to affect the fitting degree and so on. The moving least square method is used to fit the motor curve because the moving least square method can overcome the defects of the above least square method. The fitting test curve is closer to the real curve of motor characteristics. This is in line with the project requirements of the motor characteristic test system, and the curve fitted out by the system is closer to the real characteristics of the motor itself, which makes the test system have higher accuracy and robustness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 王艷芳;電機(jī)特性曲線擬合技術(shù)的探索[J];電動(dòng)工具;1999年04期
本文編號：2301150
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