【摘要】：能量是制約無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命周期的重要問(wèn)題。傳統(tǒng)低功耗的無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),一般使用電池進(jìn)行供電。電池的周期性更換將大大提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)維護(hù)的成本,且電池有限的能量也制約了整個(gè)無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可持續(xù)運(yùn)行。為了使無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)可持續(xù)的工作,本文從能量收集與能量管理兩方面展開(kāi)工作。本文設(shè)計(jì)了能夠主動(dòng)收集射頻能量的無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò),其中的無(wú)線可充電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)能夠?qū)⑹占降纳漕l能量轉(zhuǎn)換為直流能量給自身供電。本文在調(diào)研能量管理技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上,以隨機(jī)事件捕獲為背景,對(duì)無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的能量管理問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入研究。 首先,開(kāi)發(fā)了一種無(wú)線可充電的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn),搭建了無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)。無(wú)線可充電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)能夠收集射頻能量發(fā)射器傳輸?shù)纳漕l能量,并將其轉(zhuǎn)換為直流能量給自身供電。主要包括能量轉(zhuǎn)換模塊,微處理器模塊,傳感器模塊以及通信模塊。MIWITM P2P的協(xié)議標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)通信,并完成了整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)的搭建。 分析了無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)各種不同工作狀態(tài)的能耗。在無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的平臺(tái)上,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法進(jìn)行能耗分析,得到了射頻能量發(fā)射器與無(wú)線可充電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)之間的能量傳輸模型,無(wú)線可充電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的漏電模型,以及不同環(huán)境下無(wú)線可充電傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)的采樣、計(jì)算、通信和初始化的能耗模型。 最后設(shè)計(jì)了面向隨機(jī)事件捕捉的能量管理的算法。在考慮節(jié)點(diǎn)捕捉概率的情況下,設(shè)計(jì)了單節(jié)點(diǎn)的調(diào)度方案。在此基礎(chǔ)上考慮雙節(jié)點(diǎn)與多節(jié)點(diǎn)的啟發(fā)式調(diào)度方案與同步調(diào)度方案,以及各個(gè)方案的捕捉概率及其上限。得到啟發(fā)式調(diào)度方案要優(yōu)于同步調(diào)度方案的結(jié)論,并用仿真證明了上述結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Energy is an important problem that restricts the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. Traditional low-power wireless sensor networks generally use batteries for power supply. The periodic replacement of the battery will greatly increase the cost of network maintenance, and the limited energy of the battery also restricts the sustainable operation of the whole wireless sensor network. In order to make WSN work sustainable, this paper starts from two aspects: energy collection and energy management. In this paper, we design a wireless rechargeable sensor network which can actively collect RF energy, in which the wireless rechargeable sensor node can convert the collected RF energy into DC energy to power itself. Based on the investigation of energy management technology, the energy management of wireless rechargeable sensor networks is studied in this paper based on random event capture. Firstly, a wireless rechargeable sensor node is developed and a wireless rechargeable sensor network platform is built. The wireless rechargeable sensor node can collect the RF energy transmitted by the RF energy transmitter and convert it into DC energy to power itself. It mainly includes energy conversion module, microprocessor module, sensor module and communication module. MIWITM P2P protocol standard realizes the data communication of wireless rechargeable sensor network, and completes the construction of the whole network platform. The energy consumption of wireless rechargeable sensor networks in different working states is analyzed. On the platform of wireless rechargeable sensor network, the energy transmission model between radio-frequency energy transmitter and wireless rechargeable sensor node and the leakage model of wireless rechargeable sensor node are obtained by analyzing the energy consumption of the wireless rechargeable sensor network. And the energy consumption model of sampling, computing, communication and initialization of wireless rechargeable sensor nodes in different environments. Finally, an energy management algorithm for random event capture is designed. Considering the probability of node capture, a single node scheduling scheme is designed. On this basis, the heuristic scheduling scheme and synchronous scheduling scheme of two-node and multi-node are considered, as well as the capture probability and upper limit of each scheme. The conclusion that the heuristic scheduling scheme is superior to the synchronous scheduling scheme is obtained, and the above conclusions are proved by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM619;TP212.9

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 舒元超;無(wú)線可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)分析與優(yōu)化[D];浙江大學(xué);2015年

2 傅凌q;可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量?jī)?yōu)化研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2015年

3 張永敏;可充電傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的資源管理與優(yōu)化研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2015年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 王天馳;基于CPCI總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)[D];浙江大學(xué);2016年

2 李星宇;便攜式小功率移動(dòng)終端無(wú)線充電模塊研究[D];杭州電子科技大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號(hào)：2144813