【摘要】：隨著新能源發(fā)電和微電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,以及構(gòu)建環(huán)境友好型和諧社會的迫切需求,越來越多的新能源發(fā)電接入到微電網(wǎng)當中。而新能源發(fā)電對微電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性帶來的不利影響需要我們加以重視和解決。儲能系統(tǒng)可以為微電網(wǎng)提供快速的能量緩沖,從而使微電網(wǎng)的電壓和頻率保持穩(wěn)定,所以儲能技術(shù)在微電網(wǎng)中發(fā)揮的作用也日益凸顯。微電網(wǎng)中的儲能裝置形式多樣,安裝位置靈活,在合理的控制下可以對微電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運行提供一定的支撐。本文以孤島運行的交流微電網(wǎng)為例,研究了儲能系統(tǒng)對微電網(wǎng)的頻率穩(wěn)定性改善作用。 首先,儲能功率控制器在使用鎖相環(huán)技術(shù)采樣所需相角值并對有功／無功功率進行解耦時,存在相角值不夠精確和功率計算比較復(fù)雜的問題。本文采用了無鎖相環(huán)技術(shù)來解決這些問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了一種基于頻率跟蹤的單一儲能功率控制策略。通過仿真結(jié)果表明,本文所采用的單一儲能控制策略有效地抑制了系統(tǒng)的頻率波動,相比于傳統(tǒng)單一儲能功率控制策略更加明顯地改善了系統(tǒng)的頻率穩(wěn)定性。 然后,隨著越來越多的新能源發(fā)電并入微電網(wǎng)當中,有時采用單一儲能技術(shù)已經(jīng)不能滿足微電網(wǎng)對供電質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性的要求。這時我們需要使用混合儲能技術(shù)來解決上述問題。本文使用了由超級電容器和蓄電池組成的混合儲能系統(tǒng)。并且采用了模糊控制來協(xié)調(diào)控制超級電容器和蓄電池之間的運行。仿真結(jié)果表明了本文所采用的混合儲能控制方案使系統(tǒng)的頻率穩(wěn)定性得到了很好的改善,并且改善效果比使用單一儲能控制方案時更加明顯。 最后,文中給出了本文所用的孤島運行微電網(wǎng)的MATLAB/simulink仿真模型的搭建步驟和關(guān)鍵模塊的設(shè)計。同時文中也對實驗室可行的微電網(wǎng)實驗硬件平臺進行了設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:With the development of new energy generation and microgrid technology, and the urgent need to build an environmentally friendly and harmonious society, more and more new energy generation is connected to microgrid. However, the adverse effects of new energy generation on the stability of microgrid need to be paid attention to and solved. Energy storage system can provide fast energy buffering for microgrid, so that the voltage and frequency of microgrid can be kept stable, so energy storage technology plays an increasingly important role in microgrid. The energy storage devices in the microgrid have various forms and flexible installation positions, which can provide some support for the stable operation of the microgrid under reasonable control. In this paper, the effect of the energy storage system on the frequency stability of the microgrid is studied by taking the isolated AC microgrid as an example. Firstly, when the phase-locked loop technique is used to sample the required phase angle and decouple the active / reactive power, the phase angle is not accurate enough and the power calculation is complicated. In this paper, phase-free loop (PLL) technique is used to solve these problems. On this basis, a single energy storage power control strategy based on frequency tracking is proposed. The simulation results show that the single energy storage control strategy proposed in this paper can effectively suppress the frequency fluctuation of the system, and improve the frequency stability of the system more obviously than the traditional single energy storage power control strategy. Then, with more and more new energy generation integrated into microgrid, sometimes the single energy storage technology can not meet the demand of power supply quality and stability in microgrid. At this point, we need to use hybrid energy storage technology to solve the above problem. A hybrid energy storage system consisting of supercapacitors and batteries is used in this paper. Fuzzy control is used to coordinate the operation between supercapacitor and battery. The simulation results show that the hybrid energy storage control scheme proposed in this paper can improve the frequency stability of the system, and the improvement effect is more obvious than that of the single energy storage control scheme. Finally, the steps of MATLAB/simulink simulation model and the design of key modules are given. At the same time, the hardware platform of microgrid experiment is designed.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM712

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