本文選題：日本　切入點(diǎn)：公共投資　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：政府的公共投資是政府財(cái)政支出的重要組成部分，對(duì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步有著巨大的影響。政府公共投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)主要表現(xiàn)為對(duì)GDP的短期及長(zhǎng)期影響、對(duì)私人企業(yè)的誘導(dǎo)效應(yīng)、調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)就業(yè)、提高勞動(dòng)力素質(zhì)、縮小地區(qū)差距等。政府應(yīng)及時(shí)調(diào)整以及改進(jìn)公共投資政策，以便更加充分地發(fā)揮公共投資經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)。 日本政府將公共投資作為工具，以此來(lái)提供公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和服務(wù)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和推動(dòng)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。從日本的公共投資情況來(lái)看，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的提高，政府越來(lái)越重視通過(guò)公共投資推動(dòng)社會(huì)發(fā)展，增加在教育領(lǐng)域和社會(huì)福利方面的投入，來(lái)解決貧困、收入差距、失業(yè)等社會(huì)問(wèn)題。 2008年爆發(fā)的金融危機(jī)給我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的沖擊，我國(guó)政府出臺(tái)了一系列的措施來(lái)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需和促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。其中公共投資對(duì)防止經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑、穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)起到了一定作用，，但是也存在著一些問(wèn)題。例如：基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資的比重偏高、公共投資監(jiān)管機(jī)制不完善、公共投資資金來(lái)源渠道單一等。因此，研究日本政府公共投資對(duì)我國(guó)調(diào)整公共投資的改革方向、明確和界定政府公共投資范圍、優(yōu)化政府公共投資規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)發(fā)展都將具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文根據(jù)日本不同的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展階段，歸納了日本公共投資的經(jīng)驗(yàn)及存在的問(wèn)題，對(duì)公共投資的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)作出闡述。在此基礎(chǔ)上，概括了我國(guó)公共投資出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題并針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。
[Abstract]:Government public investment is an important part of government financial expenditure and has a great influence on promoting economic development and social progress. The economic effect of government public investment is mainly manifested in the short-term and long-term impact on GDP. The inducement effect to the private enterprise, the adjustment of the industrial structure, the promotion of employment, the improvement of the quality of labor force, and the narrowing of the regional disparity, etc. The government should adjust and improve the public investment policy in time in order to give full play to the economic effect of public investment. The Japanese government uses public investment as a tool to provide public infrastructure and services, promote economic growth, adjust industrial structure and promote regional economic development. With the improvement of economic development, the government pays more and more attention to promoting social development through public investment, increasing investment in the field of education and social welfare to solve social problems such as poverty, income gap, unemployment and so on. The financial crisis broke out in 2008 brought serious impact to our economy. Our government has issued a series of measures to expand domestic demand and promote economic growth. Among them, public investment has played a certain role in preventing economic decline and stabilizing economic growth. However, there are still some problems. For example, the proportion of infrastructure investment is on the high side, the supervision mechanism of public investment is not perfect, the source of public investment is single, and so on. This paper studies the reform direction of Japanese government public investment in adjusting public investment in China, defines and defines the scope of government public investment, and optimizes the scale and structure of government public investment. Promoting economic growth and social development will have important theoretical and practical significance. According to the different stages of Japanese economic development, this paper sums up the experience and existing problems of Japanese public investment, and expounds the economic effect of public investment. This paper summarizes the problems of public investment in China and puts forward some suggestions for these problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F131.3

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