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  本文選題：Y-SNP + Y-STR��； 參考：《昆明醫(yī)科大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：[目的]Y染色體有效種群大小僅為常染色體的1/4,非重組區(qū)(non-recombining region,NRY)嚴格遵循父系遺傳規(guī)律,對遺傳漂變較敏感。Y-SNP突變率較低,可以方便進行大尺度的族源譜系判別;Y-STR突變率高,具有一定的多樣性,在親子鑒定中應用于父子、叔侄等父權鑒定;法醫(yī)應用中,Y-SNP和Y-STR的有效配合,可以快速鎖定家系,縮小排查范圍,對混合斑樣本男性成分進行辨別:群體遺傳學中計算群體擴張時間,對人群來源進行推斷,應用于法醫(yī)學領域針對少數民族遺傳成分描述及案件現場遺留的男性檢材個體種族來源推斷。[方法]采集廣西地區(qū)六個民族(漢族、侗族、京族、苗族、瑤族、壯族)男性無關健康個體血樣399份,采用QIAGEN公司MagAttract(?)DNA Mini M48 DNA Kit試劑盒提取樣本DNA,-80℃保存。將廣西六個民族399份無關男性樣本分兩個體系進行檢測:核心單倍群體系(C-M130,D-M174,F-M89,G-M201,J-M304,K-M9,N-M231,O-M175,Q-M242,R-M207,O1-F265,O2-CTS10736);O1 單倍群體 系(O1a-M119,O1a1a-M307.1,O1alb-CTS5726,O1a1a1a-F140,O1a1a1b-SK1568/223420,O1a1a1a1-F78,O1a1a1b1-M101,O1a2a-F3288,O1a2a1-238606,O1b-M268,O1b1-F2320,O1b1a-M1470,O1b1a1-PK4,O1b1a1a-M95,O1b1a2-Page59,O1b1a1b-F838,O1b1a1a1-F1803/M1348,O1b1a1b1-F1199,O1b2a-F1204,O1b2a1-CTS713,O1b2a3-CTS 10687,O1b2b-CTS562,O1b1a2b-F417,O1b2a-F1942)采用Snapshot技術進行快速SNP分型,Y-STR分析應用Rv.3.2.3。XLSTAT軟件、network 5.0.0.0等軟件進行數據統(tǒng)計分析。[結果]12個Y-SNP核心體系在廣西六個民族399個無關男性個體中,少量樣本落在D單倍群(1.5%)中,以苗族為主的樣本落在C單倍群(15.2%)中,一份京族樣本擁有F-M89古老單倍群類型,一份壯族樣本擁有J單倍群突變,3份樣本落在N單倍群中,廣西六個民族中絕大多數樣本(81.9%)屬于O單倍群。其中49.1%的樣本落在O1單倍群中,32.8%的樣本落在02單倍群中;挑選出196份擁有O1-F265突變的樣本進行01體系檢測,少量(14.7%)樣本落在Ola單倍群中,大部分樣本(85.2%)落在O1 b單倍群中�；�于兩個體系位點信息對廣西六個民族進行主成分分析,核心體系中將廣西瑤族與其他民族分開,使用O1體系中六個民族聚為兩簇,廣西漢族與廣西侗族聚類,其他民族聚類在一起,將36個SNP位點共同進行主成分分析時,與核心分析相比,除瑤族外其他民族可以較為區(qū)分。加入鄰近地區(qū)其他民族,包括漢藏語系藏緬語族、苗瑤語族、侗臺語族以及南亞語系和阿爾泰語系有代表性的民族進行主成分分析發(fā)現;圖中分為兩個聚類簇:藏緬語族人群聚在一起,苗瑤語族與南亞語系人群聚為一簇,本研究結果與南亞語系距離較近;阿爾泰語系人群零散分布與藏緬語族人群呈現南北地域分布情況.在網絡分析中C-M130分散出三個方向,種族關聯性結構在圖中并不明顯,廣西瑤族中高頻存在并且與其他民族沒有明顯的基因交流;O1單倍群中Ola-M119中心節(jié)點由廣西漢族、廣西侗族以及廣西京族構成,下游位點Olalala-F140的突變情況說明最近的基因交流在廣西京族和廣西壯族中進行,O1單倍群的另一分支人口擴張發(fā)生在Olblala-M95中,M95網絡圖中各個族群均有基因交流但是沒有明顯分層擴展結構;O2-CTS10736分支需要繼續(xù)細分,遺傳交流及分層結構沒有O1單倍群明顯。[結論]本課題基于單點擴增SNapshot技術成功構建了 Y染色體O1單倍群復合擴增體系,可在短時間內完成24重Y-SNP檢測,在降低成本同時提高檢測效率,該技術可推廣應用于省市各級法醫(yī)遺傳學實驗室;對于檢測樣本可以進行群體區(qū)分;對同一單倍群下的STR分型進行分析,進一步探討群體間的遺傳關系。C單倍群中瑤族人群占有絕大比例,廣西六個民族在C單倍群的突變情況分散為三個分支并且期間較少有基因交流,古老單倍群丟失導致未構成年輪分布網絡圖。O1blala-M95在各個民族中尤其是廣西壯族、廣西苗瑤以及廣西京族中有高頻分布。
[Abstract]:[Objective]Y chromosome effective population size is only autosomal 1/4, non recombinant region (non-recombining region, NRY) strictly follow the paternal genetic rule, the genetic drift more sensitive.Y-SNP mutation rate is lower, can be convenient for large scale family genealogical discrimination, Y-STR mutation rate is high, with a certain diversity, in parent-child identification application Father and son, nephew and so on paternity identification; in forensic application, the effective coordination of Y-SNP and Y-STR can quickly lock the family, narrow the scope of the investigation, identify the male components of the mixed spot sample: the population genetics is used to calculate the population expansion time and infer the source of the population. It should be used in the field of forensic science to describe the genetic components and cases of ethnic minorities. [Methods] to collect 399 copies of unrelated healthy male blood samples from six ethnic groups (Han, Dong, Jing, Yao and Zhuang) in Guangxi, which were collected from six ethnic groups (Han, Dong, Beijing, Miao, Yao and Zhuang). The samples were extracted by QIAGEN MagAttract (?) DNA Mini M48 DNA Kit kit and preserved at -80. 399 men were unrelated to men. Sex samples are divided into two systems: C-M130, D-M174, F-M89, G-M201, J-M304, K-M9, N-M231, O-M175, Q-M242, R-M207, O1-F265, O2-CTS10736). O1b1-F2320, O1b1a-M1470, O1b1a1-PK4, O1b1a1a-M95, O1b1a2-Page59, O1b1a1b-F838, O1b1a1a1-F1803/M1348, O1b1a1b1-F1199, O1b2a-F1204, O1b2a1-CTS713, O1b2a3-CTS 10687. Data statistical analysis. [results]12 Y-SNP core system is in 399 unrelated male individuals of six ethnic groups in Guangxi. A small number of samples fall in the D haploid group (1.5%), and the Miao based samples fall into the C unfold group (15.2%). One sample of Beijing has an ancient F-M89 group type of F-M89, a sample of Zhuang nationality has a J haploid group mutation and 3 samples fall in N In the haploid group, most of the six ethnic groups in Guangxi (81.9%) belong to the O haploid group, of which 49.1% of the samples fall in the O1 haploid group, and 32.8% of the samples fall into the 02 haploid group; 196 samples of O1-F265 mutations are selected for the 01 system detection, and a small amount (14.7%) falls in the Ola haploid group, and the majority of the samples (85.2%) fall on the O1 B haploid group. Based on two system site information, six ethnic groups in Guangxi are analyzed by principal component analysis. The core system separates the Guangxi Yao from other ethnic groups, six nationalities in the O1 system are clustered into two clusters, Guangxi Han and Guangxi Dong ethnic group are clustered and other ethnic groups are clustered together to analyze the 36 SNP loci together with the core analysis. In addition, other ethnic groups except the Yao nationality can be more distinguished. Join other ethnic groups in the adjacent areas, including the Tibetan and Tibetan Languages of the Han and Tibetan Languages, Miao and Yao languages, Dong Tai languages, and the representative ethnic groups of the South Asian and Altai languages. The map is divided into two cluster clusters: the Tibetan and Burmese ethnic groups gather together, Miao and Yao languages and South Asia. The population of the language family is clustered in a cluster. The results of this study are close to the South Asian family. The scattered distribution of the Altai language population and the Tibetan Burmese people present the distribution of the north and South regions. In the network analysis, the C-M130 is scattered in three directions. The ethnic Association structure is not obvious in the map. The high frequency of the Guangxi Yao ethnic group exists and is not clear to the other ethnic groups. The Ola-M119 central node of the O1 haploid group is composed of Guangxi Han, Guangxi Dong and Guangxi Jing nationality. The mutation of the downstream loci Olalala-F140 shows that the recent gene exchange is carried out among the Guangxi and Guangxi Zhuang people, and the other branch of the O1 haploid group expands Zhang Fasheng in Olblala-M95, each of the M95 network maps. The group had genetic communication but no distinct stratified expansion structure; O2-CTS10736 branch needs to be subdivided, genetic communication and stratified structure have no O1 haploid group. [Conclusion] this topic based on single amplification SNapshot technology successfully constructed the Y chromosome O1 multiplex amplification system, which can complete 24 heavy Y-SNP detection in a short time. Low cost at the same time improve the detection efficiency, the technology can be applied to the provincial and provincial forensic genetics laboratory; the detection sample can be divided into groups, and the STR classification under the same haploid group is analyzed, and the large proportion of the Yao people in the population of the genetic relationship.C in the group is further explored, and the six ethnic groups in Guangxi are doubled in C. The mutation of the group is divided into three branches and there are few genetic exchanges during the period. The loss of ancient haploid group leads to a network map that does not constitute a ring distribution network (.O1blala-M95) in various ethnic groups, especially the Guangxi Zhuang, Guangxi Miao Yao and Guangxi Jing nationality.
【學位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D919

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本文編號：2044391