本文關(guān)鍵詞：妄想癥與精神分裂的現(xiàn)象學精神病理學解釋，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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妄想癥與精神分裂的現(xiàn)象學精神病理學解釋 作者：徐獻軍

來源：《浙江大學學報(人文社會科學版網(wǎng)絡(luò)預印本)》2015年第03期

[摘要] 現(xiàn)象學精神病理學是以現(xiàn)象學為理論框架的精神病理學方向，它特別重視對精神病人主觀經(jīng)驗的探索。在它看來，精神疾病不僅是病人意識經(jīng)驗的紊亂，更是前意識經(jīng)驗結(jié)構(gòu)的紊亂。通過對疾病前意識維度的探索，精神醫(yī)師可以把握第三人稱的大腦神經(jīng)生理研究所不能把握的東西。現(xiàn)象學不僅能夠幫助精神科醫(yī)生理解病人獨特的主觀經(jīng)驗及世界，而且能為精神病理學提供豐富的概念描述框架，如共感、自我感、意識等。盡管目前現(xiàn)象學與神經(jīng)生理研究仍存在相當大的距離，然而現(xiàn)有工作表明，現(xiàn)象學與神經(jīng)科學及其他自然科學進路之間存在著相當大的協(xié)同促進的潛力。對于人類精神疾病謎團的破解，人文科學與自然科學缺一不可。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 精神病理學； 現(xiàn)象學； 共感； 自我感； 妄想癥； 精神分裂

Phenomenological Psychopathology on Delusion and Schizophrenia

Xu Xianjun

（Institute of Philosophy， Hangzhou Dianzi University， Hangzhou 310018， China） Abstract： Karl Jaspers， Eugene Minkowski and Ludwig Binswanger are the founders of phenomenological psychopathology. It was Jaspers who first brought phenomenology into

psychopathology. Minkowski was the first to introduce phenomenology into psychiatry in France. Binswanger devoted himself to replacing the psychoanalysis of Freud with the existentialism of Heidegger. In the 1970s， mainstream psychiatry gradually turned a cold shoulder to

phenomenological psychopathology due to the overspreading of naturalscience methodology， which turned psychopathology from an interdisciplinary science of liberal arts and natural science into a pure natural science dominated by neuroscience. However， phenomenological psychopathology has undergone a significant revival during the last twenty years because psychiatrists have paid more and more attention to patients subjective experience and have published a large number of papers and books in this field.

Jaspers proposed that the key criterion for diagnosing delusion is the contrariety or the break of patients personality as is reflected in their language and originated from some unknown

neurophysiologic process. That is the reason why in his diagnosis of delusion Jaspers put emphasis on both the context of personality development and the research on neurophysiology. The

neurophysiologic foundation of delusion was speculated by Jaspers，， but contemporary

phenomenological psychopathology has postulated it as hyperdopaminergia. It is the abnormal

dopamine firing that leads to the aberrant assignment of salience to the elements of ones experience at the phenomenological level.

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：妄想癥與精神分裂的現(xiàn)象學精神病理學解釋，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。