【摘要】：《文心雕龍》與《詩藝》是兩部在中西文論史上產(chǎn)生重大影響的理論著作。盡管它們的創(chuàng)作時間相差幾百年,劉勰與賀拉斯所接受的思想也很不相同,但是這兩部理論著作卻有相似的寫作目的、研究對象、理論基礎(chǔ)以及表達(dá)方式,在論文學(xué)創(chuàng)作方面也有相通的觀點(diǎn),尤其是在詩人的作用以及文學(xué)的功用方面都有較為相似的論述,所以我們可以對它們的文學(xué)思想進(jìn)行比較。 《文心雕龍》的寫作目的之一是為了厘清繁雜的文獻(xiàn),為文人的創(chuàng)作提供指導(dǎo)方法；《詩藝》原本的寫作目的就是為了向羅馬貴族介紹文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的方法,因此二者在寫作目的上是有一致之處的。當(dāng)然其他方面諸如動機(jī)之類,劉勰與賀拉斯也是有不同的。在確定了寫作目的之后,我們再看二者的研究對象與范圍。盡管這兩部理論的研究對象不太一致,但都是基于文學(xué)的研究,因此還是具有可比之處的。 《文心雕龍》與《詩藝》不僅在寫作目的和研究對象上有一致之處,而且在理論基礎(chǔ)和表達(dá)方式上也有相似的觀點(diǎn)。對創(chuàng)作者主觀方面尤其是情感的關(guān)注以及折中思想的運(yùn)用是二者相同的理論基礎(chǔ)；具有詩歌的一般特征則是二者在表達(dá)方式上的相似之處,當(dāng)然在結(jié)構(gòu)以及語言上二者也是有差異的。 《文心雕龍》與《詩藝》中最能表達(dá)劉勰與賀拉斯文學(xué)思想的部分是創(chuàng)作論。在論創(chuàng)作時,劉勰與賀拉斯在論藝術(shù)構(gòu)思、論文章整體結(jié)構(gòu)之美以及論文學(xué)的通變的問題上都有比較接近的看法。他們都認(rèn)為藝術(shù)構(gòu)思源于外物的觸動,文章結(jié)構(gòu)必須保持完整一致,而且都覺得文學(xué)必須有通變才能保持延續(xù)與發(fā)展。當(dāng)然在細(xì)節(jié)問題上他們的觀點(diǎn)也有所不同,比如說劉勰更注重自然對詩人情感的觸動,但就總體而言,他們在論創(chuàng)作時還是有可以互相發(fā)明的地方的。 作家是文學(xué)的四要素之一,劉勰與賀拉斯對詩人的修養(yǎng)都有重點(diǎn)關(guān)注。他們均認(rèn)為詩人的修養(yǎng)必須包括先天的稟賦與后天的技藝,要求詩人不斷地學(xué)習(xí)。在論述了詩人的修養(yǎng)尤其是詩人技藝的培養(yǎng)之后,他們還以理論家和讀者的二重身份對詩人進(jìn)行了評價,揭示了詩人的作用。探討完作家就進(jìn)入到了對文學(xué)作品的探討,文學(xué)作品既是作家智慧的結(jié)晶又是作家思想的載體,我們通過對劉勰與賀拉斯論文學(xué)功用的探討,既是對之前整個創(chuàng)作結(jié)果的一次回顧,又為今天的文學(xué)發(fā)展提供了指導(dǎo)。 總之,認(rèn)真比較《文心雕龍》和《詩藝》的文學(xué)思想是對中西古代文論的一次深入探討和觀照,也為我們今天的文學(xué)發(fā)展提供了理論淵源和現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:Wen Xin Diao long and poetic Art are two important theoretical works in the history of Chinese and Western literary theory. Although their creative time is several hundred years, and Liu Xie and Horace accept very different ideas, the two theoretical works have similar writing purposes, research objects, theoretical basis and expression methods. There are also similar views on literary creation, especially on the role of poets and the functions of literature, so we can compare their literary thoughts. One of the purposes of "Wen Xin Diao long" is to clarify the complicated literature and provide the guiding method for the literati's creation. The original purpose of poetic Art was to introduce the methods of literary creation to the Roman aristocrats. Of course, other aspects such as motivation, Liu Xie and Helas are also different. After determining the purpose of writing, we look at the research object and scope of the two. Although the object of the two theories is different, they are based on literature, so they are comparable. "Wen Xin Diao long" and "poetic Art" are not only consistent in writing purpose and research object, but also have similar views on theoretical basis and expression mode. It is the same theoretical foundation to pay attention to the subjective aspect of the creator, especially the emotion and the application of the compromise thought. The general characteristics of poetry are the similarities between them in expression, and the differences between them in structure and language. Creation theory is the part of Wen Xin Diao long and poetic Art that can express Liu Xie's and Horace's literary thoughts. In writing, Liu Xie and Horace have similar views on artistic conception, on the beauty of the overall structure of the article and on the general change of the study of the thesis. They all think that the artistic conception originates from the touch of foreign objects, that the structure of the article must be complete and consistent, and that literature must have a general change in order to maintain its continuity and development. Of course, they have different views on the details, for example, Liu Xie pays more attention to the feelings of the poet, but generally speaking, they still have the place to invent each other. The writer is one of the four elements of literature, Liu Xie and Horace pay attention to the cultivation of the poet. They all believed that the poet's accomplishment must include the innate endowment and acquired skill, which required the poet to learn constantly. After discussing the cultivation of poets, especially the cultivation of poets' skills, they also evaluate poets as theorists and readers, and reveal the role of poets. After discussing the writers, they entered into the discussion of literary works, which are not only the crystallization of the writer's wisdom but also the carrier of the writer's thought. We discuss the function of Liu Xie and Horace in the study of essays. It is not only a review of the whole creation before, but also a guide to the development of literature today. In a word, comparing the literary thoughts of Wen Xin Diao long and poetic Art seriously is a deep discussion and reflection on the ancient literary theory of China and the West, and also provides us with theoretical origin and practical guidance for the development of literature today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：I109

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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