發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-06 03:33

  本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)居民　切入點(diǎn)：收入差距　出處：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距一直是社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。它關(guān)系著人民的切身利益,同時(shí)也映射著收入分配的結(jié)構(gòu)和狀態(tài),是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過(guò)程中必然出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。但是若根據(jù)它的自我調(diào)節(jié)能力,按照目前城鄉(xiāng)居民收入現(xiàn)狀來(lái)看,城鎮(zhèn)居民收入明顯高于農(nóng)村居民收入水平,久而久之,居民收入差距會(huì)不斷擴(kuò)大,甚至到不可遏制的狀態(tài)。如果能測(cè)度我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距及行程過(guò)程、影響我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距擴(kuò)大的各種因素,就可以更合理而準(zhǔn)確地為政府制定一系列相關(guān)政策提供科學(xué)的依據(jù),能更好地促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系的健康發(fā)展。 非參數(shù)估計(jì)的特點(diǎn)是不需要進(jìn)行任何參數(shù)模型假設(shè),直接利用所需樣本來(lái)估計(jì)概率密度函數(shù),且回歸函數(shù)的形式可以任意,沒(méi)有任何約束,解釋變量和被解釋變量的分布也很少限制,因而有較大的適應(yīng)性,其目的在于放松回歸函數(shù)形式的限制。其中核密度估計(jì)方法是近幾年普遍運(yùn)用的方法,它能夠在總體分布未知的情況下,估計(jì)居民收入分布。 本文在多年全國(guó)居民收入微觀調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)測(cè)度與非參數(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)核密度估計(jì)結(jié)合的方法定量測(cè)算我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距現(xiàn)狀及演變歷程。然后分析我國(guó)1978年-2010年三十年來(lái)的歷史數(shù)據(jù),綜合運(yùn)用協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)、格蘭杰因果檢驗(yàn)、多元線性回歸統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,定量揭示我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)收入差距狀況與各影響因素之間的關(guān)系。依據(jù)定量測(cè)算結(jié)果,提出優(yōu)化城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距的相應(yīng)的對(duì)策和建議。 本文研究得出結(jié)論：在確保工農(nóng)業(yè)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展情況下加快經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),適當(dāng)提高農(nóng)村務(wù)工人員工資,加大農(nóng)村投資力度,并推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè),逐步完善農(nóng)村保障體系。因此從我國(guó)目前的情況來(lái)看,未來(lái)的政策重點(diǎn)是要努力營(yíng)造公平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境、分配環(huán)境和扶貧助困環(huán)境等,這才是緩解和縮小城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的首要前提。
[Abstract]:The income gap between urban and rural residents has always been the focus of social concern. It relates to the vital interests of the people and also reflects the structure and state of income distribution. It is an inevitable problem in the process of economic development. But if, according to its ability to self-regulate, according to the current income situation of urban and rural residents, the income of urban residents is obviously higher than the income level of rural residents, over time, The income gap of residents will continue to expand, even to an unstoppable state. If we can measure the income gap between urban and rural residents and the travel process of our country, and influence various factors on the widening of the income gap between urban and rural areas in our country, It can provide a scientific basis for the government to formulate a series of related policies and promote the healthy development of the urban-rural relationship. The characteristic of nonparametric estimation is that the probability density function can be estimated directly by using the required samples without any parameter model hypothesis, and the form of regression function can be arbitrary without any constraints. The distribution of explanatory variables and interpreted variables is also very limited, so it has great adaptability, and its purpose is to relax the restrictions of regression function forms. The kernel density estimation method is a widely used method in recent years. It can estimate the distribution of residents' income when the total distribution is unknown. Based on the microcosmic survey data of national residents' income for many years, The present situation and evolution course of income gap between urban and rural residents in China are estimated quantitatively by combining traditional measurement with non-parametric statistical kernel density estimation. Then, the historical data of 30 years from 1978 to 2010 in China are analyzed, and cointegration test is used synthetically. Granger causality test and multivariate linear regression statistical method are used to quantitatively reveal the relationship between the income gap between urban and rural areas in China and the influencing factors. Based on the results of quantitative measurement, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the income gap between urban and rural residents are put forward. In this paper, the author draws a conclusion: accelerate the economic growth under the condition of ensuring the coordinated development of industry and agriculture, appropriately raise the wages of rural migrant workers, increase the intensity of rural investment, and promote the construction of new type of urbanization. Gradually improve the rural security system. Therefore, judging from the current situation in our country, the key policy in the future is to strive to create a level playing field, to distribute the environment and to help the poor, and so on. This is the first prerequisite for alleviating and narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F224;F124.7

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本文編號(hào)：1573186