發(fā)布時間：2019-08-20 15:48

【摘要】：目的了解廣州市中小學(xué)生傷害發(fā)生的流行病學(xué)特征,為制定中小學(xué)生傷害預(yù)防控制策略提供依據(jù)。方法建立基于學(xué)校的廣州市中小學(xué)生傷害監(jiān)測體系,對2012—2016學(xué)年"廣州市中小學(xué)生傷害監(jiān)測信息系統(tǒng)"收集到的學(xué)生傷害病例進行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果中小學(xué)生傷害發(fā)生地點以校園內(nèi)為主(74.2%),高于校園外(25.8%)。校園內(nèi)、外傷害均以無意自傷(校園內(nèi)69.7%,校園外74.5%)或無意他傷(校園內(nèi)27.4%,校園外23.8%)為主。校園內(nèi)傷害以輕度(60.3%)為主,校園外傷害以中度(52.0%)為主。校園內(nèi)傷害發(fā)生原因依次是跌倒/墜落、扭傷、碰撞/擠壓、割傷/刺傷,構(gòu)成比分別為38.2%,25.9%,22.7%和9.7%;校園外傷害發(fā)生的主要原因依次是跌倒/墜落、扭傷、交通事故、碰撞/擠壓、割傷/刺傷,構(gòu)成比分別為46.1%,13.9%,13.7%,11.7%和5.5%。小學(xué)生在校園內(nèi)和校園外的傷害多發(fā)生在娛樂玩耍時(43.9%和49.7%),初中、高中和職中學(xué)生校園內(nèi)傷害主要發(fā)生在體育活動時(52.2%,67.4%,63.1%),校園外傷害主要是騎車/坐車(46.5%,29.4%,51.2%)和走路(18.6%,23.4%,19.5%)。結(jié)論小學(xué)階段在校園內(nèi)外應(yīng)以預(yù)防學(xué)生在娛樂玩耍導(dǎo)致的跌倒/墜落、扭傷、碰撞/擠壓為重點;中學(xué)階段在校園內(nèi)主要加強運動傷的防范,在校園外以預(yù)防出行中發(fā)生的跌倒/墜落、扭傷、交通事故、碰撞/擠壓等為重點。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemiological characteristics of injury among primary and middle school students in Guangzhou, and to provide evidence for the formulation of injury prevention and control strategies for primary and middle school students. Methods the injury surveillance system of primary and middle school students in Guangzhou was established based on the school, and the injury cases collected by Guangzhou Primary and Middle School students injury Monitoring Information system in 2012 / 2016 school year were statistically analyzed. Results the main place of injury in primary and middle school students was on campus (74.2%), which was higher than that outside campus (25.8%). On campus, the main injuries were unintentional self-injury (69.7% on campus and 74.5% outside campus) or unintentional injury (27.4% on campus and 23.8% outside campus). The main injuries on campus were mild (60.3%) and moderate (52.0%). The causes of injuries on campus were fall / fall, sprain, collision / squeeze, cut / stab injury, the constituent ratios were 38.2%, 25.9%, 22.7% and 9.7%, respectively, and the main causes of injuries outside campus were fall / fall, sprain, traffic accident, collision / squeeze, cut / stab injury, the constituent ratio was 46.1%, 13.9%, 13.7%, 11.7% and 5.5%, respectively. Most of the injuries of primary school students occurred in entertainment and play (43.9% and 49.7%). The injuries in junior high school, senior high school and vocational middle school students mainly occurred in sports activities (52.2%, 67.4%, 63.1%). The main injuries outside the campus were cycling / riding (46.5%, 29.4%, 51.2%) and walking (18.6%, 23.4%, 19.5%). Conclusion in the primary school stage, the prevention of falls / falls, sprain and collision / extrusion caused by entertainment and play should be emphasized in the primary school stage, the prevention of sports injuries should be strengthened in the middle school stage, and the prevention of falls / falls, sprains, traffic accidents and collision / extrusion should be taken as the key points in the middle school stage, and the prevention of falls / falls, sprains, traffic accidents and collision / extrusion should be taken as the key points in the primary school stage and outside the campus.
【作者單位】： 廣東省廣州市疾病預(yù)防控制中心;
【分類號】：G637.8

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