【摘要】：搶劫罪是社會(huì)上最為常見(jiàn)，并且危害性極大，影響極其惡劣的犯罪行為，這種行為嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了公民的人身權(quán)利和財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利。一直以來(lái)都是刑法重點(diǎn)打擊的對(duì)象。我國(guó)1997年頒布的現(xiàn)行刑法將搶劫罪從犯罪手段、犯罪地點(diǎn)、犯罪結(jié)果、犯罪對(duì)象、犯罪數(shù)額和次數(shù)上等多方面進(jìn)行了不同的分類，于此同時(shí)對(duì)搶劫罪的加重犯在量刑上也做了區(qū)別于搶劫罪基本犯的規(guī)定，加重了刑罰。本文針對(duì)現(xiàn)行刑事立法和刑事司法解釋，對(duì)搶劫罪的八種加重情節(jié)進(jìn)行了深入系統(tǒng)的分析和論證，但本文不是單純的討論、解決每種情節(jié)中在實(shí)踐上遇到的各類具體、細(xì)小的問(wèn)題，而是將加重犯的相關(guān)理論與實(shí)務(wù)充分結(jié)合起來(lái)，并列舉相關(guān)案例，來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，解決問(wèn)題。本文總共分為六個(gè)部分。 論文的第一部分是加重構(gòu)成犯罪的概念與特征。因?yàn)楸疚氖且獙?duì)搶劫罪的加重犯進(jìn)行研究，所以在對(duì)每一情節(jié)進(jìn)行研究之前有必要對(duì)加重犯的相關(guān)問(wèn)題有深入的了解。加重構(gòu)成是指在基本犯的構(gòu)成的基礎(chǔ)上具有了加重要件的一種相對(duì)獨(dú)立的犯罪構(gòu)成形態(tài)。加重構(gòu)成犯罪的特征主要是明確加重構(gòu)成犯罪與基本犯罪構(gòu)成的關(guān)系，通過(guò)比較得出加重構(gòu)成犯罪是獨(dú)立于基本犯罪構(gòu)成的。對(duì)加重犯的分類研究是非常必要的，因?yàn)檎撐慕酉聛?lái)的五個(gè)部分，分別根據(jù)加重犯的不同分類分別進(jìn)行研究。加重犯的分類有很多種，筆者結(jié)合搶劫罪的八種加重情節(jié)，將加重犯分為五個(gè)類型，然后將搶劫罪的八種加重情節(jié)按照各自的特點(diǎn)放在不同的加重犯類型中進(jìn)行研究。 論文的第二部分為搶劫罪的結(jié)果加重犯，主要研究搶劫致人死亡的爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題。首先是探討搶劫致人死亡的罪過(guò)形式，這一部分爭(zhēng)議最大的是搶劫致人死亡是否包含故意殺人，筆者贊同肯定說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)包含故意殺人，但不意味著贊同所有在實(shí)施搶劫時(shí)，，殺害被害人的行為都認(rèn)定為搶劫罪加重犯，應(yīng)對(duì)其進(jìn)行限定。接下來(lái)是論述搶劫致人死亡中“人”的范圍，關(guān)于是否包含同案犯，筆者認(rèn)為根據(jù)法定符合說(shuō)得出的觀點(diǎn)更可取。 論文的第三部分主要研究搶劫罪對(duì)象加重犯，首先對(duì)作為犯罪對(duì)象的金融機(jī)構(gòu)、軍用物資等如何認(rèn)識(shí)與界定進(jìn)行了論述。其次，探討了行為人在實(shí)施搶劫過(guò)程中對(duì)犯罪對(duì)象在主觀上的認(rèn)識(shí)與界定本罪之間的關(guān)系，筆者認(rèn)為行為人應(yīng)該對(duì)搶劫對(duì)象達(dá)到明知的程度，無(wú)論是金融機(jī)構(gòu)還是軍用物資，根據(jù)主客觀相一致原則，行為人必須明知其所搶劫的對(duì)象。 論文的第四部分是搶劫罪的手段加重犯，對(duì)搶劫罪中作為手段加重犯的持槍搶劫與冒充軍警人員搶劫的行為方式進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析。在持槍搶劫中，對(duì)“槍支”的界定與“顯示”行為的理解進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的探討。關(guān)于持假槍搶劫問(wèn)題，根據(jù)刑法解釋原理及刑法基本原則，筆者認(rèn)為持假槍搶劫不應(yīng)包含在“持槍搶劫”中。對(duì)于持槍搶劫這一犯罪行為中的“持有”，筆者認(rèn)為只要是行為人隨身攜帶，并且明知自己攜帶槍支就應(yīng)構(gòu)成“持槍”這一加重構(gòu)成要件。在冒充軍警人員搶劫中，對(duì)“冒充”的理解以及真正軍警人員實(shí)施搶劫也存在很大爭(zhēng)議，根據(jù)不同的學(xué)說(shuō)觀點(diǎn)，從行為的社會(huì)危害性及對(duì)受害人的強(qiáng)制性角度出發(fā)，筆者更贊同當(dāng)真正軍警人員公開(kāi)自己身份實(shí)施搶劫時(shí)不應(yīng)將其作為搶劫罪的加重犯的觀點(diǎn)。 論文的第五部分是搶劫罪的地點(diǎn)加重犯，先對(duì)地點(diǎn)加重犯的概念與特征進(jìn)行了論述。之后以入戶搶劫與在公共交通工具上搶劫為例，對(duì)作為犯罪地點(diǎn)的“戶”與“公共交通工具”的特征進(jìn)行了探討，通過(guò)論述加重構(gòu)成犯罪是否具有未完成形態(tài)來(lái)對(duì)“入戶搶劫”是否存在未完成形態(tài)進(jìn)行了研究。 論文的第六部分是搶劫罪的數(shù)額加重犯，對(duì)搶劫數(shù)額巨大中的犯罪“數(shù)額”的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了分析探討,關(guān)于行為人劫取機(jī)動(dòng)車輛當(dāng)做犯罪工具或者逃跑工具使用的情況該如何認(rèn)定？筆者結(jié)合案例及犯罪構(gòu)成理論對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析，認(rèn)為被告人主觀上是否具有非法占有機(jī)動(dòng)車輛的目的是認(rèn)定搶劫加重犯的關(guān)鍵。最后論述了搶劫數(shù)額巨大的既未遂問(wèn)題，筆者主張?jiān)摷又胤复嬖谖此煨螒B(tài)。
[Abstract]:The crime of robbery is the most common in the society, and it is harmful to the most serious crimes, which seriously damages the citizen's personal rights and property rights. It has been the subject of the focus of the criminal law all the time. The current criminal law enacted in 1997 classifies the crime of robbery from the crime means, the crime place, the crime result, the crime object, the amount of the crime and the number of times, The penalty was aggravated. In the light of the current criminal legislation and the criminal judicial interpretation, the eight aggravating circumstances of the crime of robbery have been analyzed and proved in-depth. It combines the relevant theory and practice of the aggravated crime, and lists the relevant cases to find the problem and solve the problem. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part of the paper is the concept of aggravating the crime and the special situation. Because this article is to study the aggravated offense of the crime of robbery, it is necessary to make an in-depth study of the related problems of the aggravated offense before the study of each plot is carried out. On the basis of the constitution of the basic offender, it is a relatively independent constitution of the important part. The characteristics of the aggravation of the crime are mainly the relation between the crime and the basic crime constitution, and the result of the aggravated crime is independent of the basic crime constitution. It is very necessary to study the classification of the aggravated offense, because the next five parts of the thesis are respectively carried out according to the different classification of the aggravated crime. The classification of the aggravated crime has many kinds. The author divides the aggravated crime into five types according to the eight aggravating circumstances of the robbery, and then puts the eight aggravating circumstances of the robbery into the different type of aggravated crime according to their own characteristics. The second part of the thesis is the result of the robbery, and the main study of the robbery and the death of the person The first is to explore the form of the crime of robbery and death. The most controversial is whether the robbery and the death of the person involved the intentional killing. The author agrees with the positive view that it should include the intentional killing, but it does not mean that all the killings are in place. In the case of a robbery, the actions of the victims were found to be aggravated by the crime of robbery and should be taken into account. The following is a discussion of the scope of the person "in the death of a person", as to whether or not to include a co-author, and the author considers that it is based on the point of view that the law is in line with the theory The third part of the thesis mainly deals with the aggravated offense of the crime of robbery, first, how to know and define the financial institution, military material and so on as the object of the crime. Secondly, the author discusses the relationship between the crime object's subjective cognition and the definition of the crime in the course of the robbery, and the author thinks that the doer should have the knowledge of the robbery object, whether the financial institution or the military material, according to the main objective in accordance with that principle of conformity, the actor must know that he or she The fourth part of the thesis is the means of the robbery, the armed robbery as a means of the robbery and the way of the robbery of the police and the police. The analysis of the system is done. In the armed robbery, the definition of the "a gun" and the understanding of the "show" behavior On the basis of the principle of criminal law and the basic principles of criminal law, the author thinks that the robbery should not be included in the "trunk>" armed robberty ". . For "hold" in the criminal act of armed robbery, the author thinks that as long as it is carried by the doer, and knowing that he or she is carrying a gun, it should form a "a gun" in that robbery of the impersonation of the uniformed personnel, the understanding of the "impersonation" and the robbery of the real uniformed personnel also have a great deal of dispute, according to the different viewpoint of the theory, from the social harmfulness of the conduct and to the victim From a mandatory point of view, the author further agrees that when the real uniformed personnel disclose their identity for robbery, it should not be used as a crime of robbery The fifth part of the thesis is the aggravated crime of the duty of the crime of robbery. After the discussion on the characteristics of the public transportation, the author discusses the characteristics of the "and the household" as the crime point, and discusses the existence of the public transportation vehicle by the discussion of whether the aggravated crime has an incomplete form. The sixth part of the thesis is the aggravating of the amount of the robbery, and the criteria for the identification of the criminal "Amount" in the large amount of the robbery are analyzed and discussed. How to determine the situation of the defendant? The author analyzes the case and the theory of the constitution of the crime, and concludes that the defendant has the purpose of illegally occupying the motor vehicle. It is the key to the identification of the aggravated offense of the robbery. Finally, the author discusses the large amount of the robbery, which is not only the attempt but also the author.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉明祥;論搶劫罪的加重犯[J];法律科學(xué).西北政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年01期

2 肖中華;論搶劫罪適用中的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題[J];法律科學(xué).西北政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);1998年05期

3 逄錦溫;搶劫罪司法認(rèn)定中若干問(wèn)題的探討[J];法學(xué)評(píng)論;2002年01期

4 劉艷紅;冒充軍警人員實(shí)施搶劫罪之法定刑設(shè)置疏漏[J];法學(xué);2000年06期

5 李福興;邱林;;淺析轉(zhuǎn)化型搶劫的主體條件問(wèn)題[J];法制與社會(huì);2008年20期

6 王尚文,王婧華;論“搶劫致人重傷、死亡”[J];中國(guó)人民公安大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年03期

7 項(xiàng)谷,曹堅(jiān);搶劫罪的情節(jié)加重犯若干問(wèn)題探討[J];華東政法學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2001年04期

8 王樹(shù)茂;;“冒充軍警人員搶劫”相關(guān)問(wèn)題辨析[J];中國(guó)檢察官;2010年19期

9 王曉民;;轉(zhuǎn)化搶劫過(guò)程中誤刺同伙致死如何定性[J];中國(guó)檢察官;2011年04期

10 何偉;也談?chuàng)尳僮锝Y(jié)果加重犯的認(rèn)定——與《先殺人后搶劫應(yīng)定幾罪》作者商榷[J];人民檢察;2000年06期

本文編號(hào)：2510776